Regulation of Gastric Secretions
The regulation of gastric secretion is accomplished through neural and hormonal mechanisms. Gastric juice is produced all the time but the amount varies subject to the regulatory factors. Regulation of…
Gastric Secretions
The mucosal lining of the stomach is simple columnar epithelium with numerous tubular gastric glands. The gastric glands open to the surface of the mucosa through tiny holes called gastric…
Stomach and Intestines
The stomach, which receives food from the esophagus, is located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen. The stomach is divided into the fundic, cardiac, body, and pyloric regions.…
Eustachian Tube
The Eustachian tube also known as the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube,is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear. It is a part of the middle ear.…
Inner Ear
The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear. In vertebrates, the inner ear is mainly responsible for sound detection and balance. In mammals,…
Middle Ear
The middle ear is the portion of the ear internal to the eardrum, and external to the oval window of the inner ear. Also the mammalian middle ear contains three…
Eardrum
The eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit sound from…
Ear Canal
The ear canal is a tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The adult human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about…
Pinna
The auricle is also known as the pinna, and it is most commonly referred to as the ear. It is the most obviously visible part of the auditory system. An…
Ear
The ear is an advanced and very sensitive organ of the human body. The ear’s function is to transmit and transduce sound to the brain through the parts of the…